Development of unilateral obstacle-avoiding mower for Y-trellis pear orchard

Xiaohui Lei, Yannan Qi, Jin Zeng, Quanchun Yuan, Youhong Chang, Xiaolan Lyu

Abstract


To solve the problem of weeding under Y-trellis pear orchards, a unilateral obstacle-avoiding mower (UOAM) was developed in this study. The mower is composed of an obstacle-avoiding disc mechanism, a hydraulic profiling mechanism, and a cutting disc mechanism. The diameter of the obstacle-avoiding disc was 0.7 m, which could swing around the trunk or ground pile actuated by the spring mechanism. The piston movement of the hydraulic cylinder controls the working position of the obstacle-avoiding disc. The maximum extension distance of the hydraulic profiling arm was 1 m. Based on the national standards and actual situation of orchards, the optimum parameters were determined with a combination of advancing speed of 0.44 m/s, rotation speed of the cutting disc at 2000 r/min, blade number of 2, and cutting edge length of 0.2 m. Finally, the design parameters were verified by the mathematical model of the blade cutting edge trajectory and multi-body dynamics simulation. Taking stubble cutting stability, leakage rate, working efficiency and costs as the test indexes, field performance comparison tests were carried out on the three operation modes of UOAM mowing, shoulder carrying mower (SCM) mowing and manual weeding. Test results showed that the coefficient variation of stubble cutting height of UOAM was the smallest, showing that the working stability of UOAM was better than the other two treatments. The leakage rate of UOAM was 2.42%, and its coefficient variation was lower than that of SCM. The working efficiency of UOAM was much higher than that of SCM and manual weeding, which was 4.44 times of SCM and 20 times of manual weeding. The profitable area of UOAM was 7.02 hm2, showing that it was suitable for large-scale mechanized Y-trellis pear orchards.
Keywords: unilateral obstacle-avoiding mower, Y-trellis pear orchard, movement trajectory, working performance
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20221501.7013

Citation: Lei X H, Qi Y N, Zeng J, Yuan Q C, Chang Y H, Lyu X L. Development of unilateral obstacle-avoiding mower for Y-trellis pear orchard. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2022; 15(1): 71–78.

Keywords


unilateral obstacle-avoiding mower, Y-trellis pear orchard, movement trajectory, working performance

Full Text:

PDF

References


Wang C, Zeng A, He X, Song J, Herbst A, Gao W. Spray drift characteristics test of unmanned aerial vehicle spray unit under wind tunnel conditions. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(3): 13–21. doi: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20201303.5716.

Wang Z, He X, Li T, Huang M, Zhang Y, Xu L, et al. Evaluation method of pesticide droplet drift based on laser imaging. Transactions of the CSAE, 2019; 35(9): 73–79. (in Chinese)

Gaines T, Duke S, Morran S, Rigon C, Tranel P, Küpper A, et al. Mechanisms of evolved herbicide resistance. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2020; 295(30): 10307–10330.

Arentoft B, Ali A, Streibig J, Andreasen C. A new method to evaluate the weed-suppressing effect of mulches: a comparison between spruce bark and cocoa husk mulches.Weed Research, 2013; 53(3): 169–175.

Martinelli R, Monquero P, Fontanetti A, Conceicao P, Azevedo F. Ecological mowing: An option for sustainable weed management in young citrus orchards. Weed Technology, 2017; 31(2): 260–268.

Wu J, Zhang J, Qian J, Huang J. Intercropping grasses improve soil organic carbon content and microbial community functional diversities in Chinese hickory stands. Transactions of the CSAE, 2013; 29(20): 111–117. (in Chinese)

Bai G, Zou C, Du S. Effects of self-sown grass on soil moisture and tree growth in apple orchard on Weibei dry plateau. Transactions of the CSAE, 2018; 34(3): 151–158. (in Chinese)

Song Y, Zhang T, Fan G, Gao D, Wang Z, Gao X. Research progress of domestic and foreign growing grass technologies and cutting machines in orchard. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2017; 38(5): 111–117. (in Chinese)

Zhang B, Zhang H, Xiao Y, Wang P. The Design of Weeding Machine Allowing Trees Among Plants. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2018; 40(1): 63–67. (in Chinese)

Wang L, Zhang B, Zhang H, Li G, Guo S, Liu X. The Design Equipment of Allowing Trees for Weeding Among Plants. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2018; 40(10): 69–74. (in Chinese)

Xu L, Yu C, Liu W, Yuan Q, Ma S, Duan Z, et al. Optimal design on auto obstacle avoidance mechanism of intra-row weeder for trellis cultivated grape. Transactions of the CSAE, 2018; 34(7): 23–30. (in Chinese)

Zhao Q. Design and experimental study of orchard avoldance rotary cultivator. Master dissertation. Tarim, China: Xinjiang Tarim University, 2017; 75p. (in Chinese)

Zhang M. Design of obstacle avoidance system of orchard lawn mower based on binocular vision technology. Master dissertation. Baoding, China: Hebei Agricultural University, 2019; 63 p. (in Chinese)

Lei X, Lyu X, Zhang M, Shen Q, Lu D, Ma Z, et al. Design and test of orchard unilateral combine mower. International Agricultural Engineering Journal, 2020; 29(4): 157–167.

Muhammad Z, Masakazu K. Weed management and economic analysis of a robotic lawnmower: A case study in a Japanese pear orchard. Agriculture-Basel, 2021; 11(2): 113. doi: 10.3390/agriculture11020113.

Mia M, Massetani F, Murri G, Facchi J, Monaci E, Amadio L, et al. Integrated weed management in high density fruit orchards. Agronomy-Basel, 2020; 10(10): 1492. doi: 10.3390/agronomy10101492.

Mia M, Monaci E, Murri G, Massetani F, Facchi J, Neri D. Soil nitrogen and weed biodiversity: An assessment under two orchard floor management practices in a nitrogen vulnerable zone in Italy. Horticulturae, 2020; 6(4): 96. doi: 10.3390/horticulturae6040096.

Martinelli R, Monquero P, Fontanetti A, Conceição P, Azevedo F. Ecological mowing: An option for sustainable weed management in young citrus orchards. Weed Technology, 2017; 32(2): 1–9.

Granatstein D, Andrews P, Groff A. Productivity, economics, and fruit and soil quality of weed management systems in commercial organic orchards in Washington State, USA. Organic Agriculture, 2014; 4(3): 197–207.

Choi J, Gu M, Choi J, Han J, Yim S, Kim Y, et al. Growth and fruit production of Asian pear trees grown on Y-, T-, and Vase-training systems. Horticulture Environment & Biotechnology, 2014; 55(1): 1–18.

Choi J, Choi J, Han J, Yim S, Jung S, Choi H. Comparision of growth characteristics and productivity of young trees of a new cultivar ‘Manpungbae’ trained to trellis systems. Horticultural Science and Technology, 2017; 35(4): 393–401.

Jiang H, Zhang Z, Zhu X, Li Y. A new barrier material for preventing weed proliferation in plantation of young tea bBushes. Acta Tea Sinica, 2017; 58(4): 189–192. (in Chinese)

Hu F, Yang H, Sheng Z, Luo H, Zhai X, Shang J, et al. Research progress of weed control in tea garden. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2018; 47(10): 7–11. (in Chinese)

Yang Q, Lin J, Li X, Yan Z, Sheng B. Effects of four kinds of tree type on pear growth and fruit quality. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2007; (6): 150–152. (in Chinese)

Zou J, Li C, Lyu Y, Li J. Thinking and suggestion of developing professional orchard wheeled tractors in China. Tractor & Farm Transporter, 2017; 44(5): 1–4. (in Chinese)

Zhu X, Lyu K, Song C, Zhao G. Study on the influence of cylinder helical spring’s geometrical parameters on spring constant based on ABAQUS. Machine Design and Research, 2015; 31(4): 95–98. (in Chinese)

GB/T 10938-2008. Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China (AQSIQ). Rotary mowers, 2008. (in Chinese)

Zhao M, Zhang N, Yang T, Shi Y. Design and experiment of virtual Ppototype of double disc mower cutter. Transactions of the CSAM, 2014; 45(8): 101–105. (in Chinese)

Wu B, Wang D, Wang G, Fu Z, Kang S. Optimization and experiments of cut-condition device working parameter on mower conditioner. Transactions of the CSAM, 2017; 48(10): 76–83. (in Chinese)

Fu Z, Wang D, Li W, Huang Y, Zhu R. Design and experiment of two-disc rotary mower of Alfalfa. Transactions of the CSAM, 2018; 49(S1): 214–220. (in Chinese)

Song Z, Song H, Yan Y, Li Y, Gao T, Li F. Optimizing design on knife section of reciprocating cutter bars for harvesting cotton stalk. Transactions of the CSAE, 2016; 32(6): 42–49. (in Chinese)

Liu H, Wang P, Gai G, Xiang B. Analysis and parameter solution of injection type no-till seeding into hole trajectory based on five-bar mechanism. Transactions of the CSAE, 2017; 33(8): 21–29. (in Chinese)

Yu Z, Huai S, Wang W. Leakage rate and optimization of working parameters for cylinder pickup collector based on spring-finger trajectory. Transactions of the CSAE, 2018; 34(4): 37–43. (in Chinese)

Xing J, Xyu L, Yuan Q, Ma S, Yyu C, Duan Z. Design and test of pushing device for dent corn seeds directional sowing. Transactions of the CSAE, 2018; 34(17): 9–15. (in Chinese)

Zheng Y, Jiang S, Chen B, Lyu H, Wan C, Kang F. Review on technology and equipment of mechanization in hilly orchard. Transactions of the CSAM, 2020; 51(11): 1–20. (in Chinese)




Copyright (c) 2022 International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

2023-2026 Copyright IJABE Editing and Publishing Office