Improving uniform scattering device for straw-smashing, back-throwing, no-tillage planter under complete straw mulching condition

Fengwei Gu, Xuemei Gao, Feng Wu, Zhichao Hu, Youqing Chen, Chong Zhang

Abstract


With the objective of obtaining a completely straw-mulched field, when no-tillage mechanical sowing is implemented with straw smashing, delivering, and back-throwing approaches, it may be difficult to scatter the smashed straw uniformly during a succeeding wheat sowing step. This is because the previous rice straw is substantial in quantity and has a high humidity and toughness, which may easily result in non-uniform straw mulching and thus sparse and weak seedlings of wheat. Therefore a force-dispersing and uniform-scattering device was designed. With the number of scattering impellers, impeller angle, and impeller rotation speed as the main factors and the percentage of pass for the scattering width and non-uniformity of the straw mulching as the assessment indices, single-factor experiments and orthogonal regressive tests were performed, and a dual-index (percentage of pass for the scattering width and non-uniformity of the straw mulching) fitted regression equation was established. The test results suggested that the main factors (from primary to secondary) that influence the indices were the impeller rotation speed, number of scattering impellers, and impeller angle. The optimal parameter combination for the uniform scattering device was four rows of impellers with an angle of 15°, rotation speed of 1015 r/min, percentage of pass of 72.65% for the scattering width, and a non-uniformity of 13.8% in the straw mulching. This combination can be used to realize a uniform scattering of the smashed straw along the seedling rows on the after-sowing ground. According to the field investigation of the wheat growth, the wheat emergence rate was 90.7%. The research results can provide a reference for improving the uniform scattering device for a straw-smashing, back-throwing, no-tillage planter for obtaining a completely straw-mulched field, enhancing the quality of the machinery operation, and ensuring good and strong seedlings after sowing.
Keywords: complete straw mulching, no-tillage planter, uniform scattering of straw
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20181106.4597

Citation: Gu F W, Gao X M, Wu F, Hu Z C, Chen Y Q, Zhang C. Improving uniform scattering device for straw-smashing, back-throwing, no-tillage planter under complete straw mulching condition. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2018; 11(6): 49–57.

Keywords


complete straw mulching, no-tillage planter, uniform scattering of straw

Full Text:

PDF

References


Gürsoy S. Performance evaluation of the row cleaner on a no-till planter. Transactions of the ASABE, 2014; 57(3): 709–713.

Bagnall G, Thomasson J, Ge Y. Animal-drawn conservation-tillage planter designed for small farms in the developing world. Appl. Eng. Agri. 2016; 32(6): 791–799.

Gu F, Hu Z, Chen Y, Wu F. Development and experiment of peanut no-till planter under full wheat straw mulching based on “clean area planting”. Transactions of the CSAE, 2016; 32(20): 15–23. (in Chinese)

Liu F. Study on cultivation mode of no-tillage direct-seeding rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) based on rich straw mulching. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2012. (in Chinese)

Li A, Fan X, Wu C, Li H. Situation and development trends of conservation tillage in the world. Transaction of CSAM, 2006; 37(10): 177–180. (in Chinese)

Hu Z. Great breakthrough in the research and development of the mechanical no-tillage planter technology in full straw mulching field. Prim. Agr. Technol. Extn., 2015; 4: 40.

Gu F, Hu Z, Tin L, Ji F, Wang H. General situation and development of peanut mechanization planting in China. Jiangsu Agr. Sci., 2010; 3: 462–464. (in Chinese)

Chen Y, Wu F, Gu F, Wang B, Ma B, Hu Z. Test on peanut no-till planter under the coverage of the wheat straw. J. Chin. Agr. Mechanization, 2014; 35(2): 132–135. (in Chinese)

Zhang S, Gu K, Zhang H, Gu D, Zhang C, Yang S. Effects of tillage and sowing patterns on wheat seedling emergence and yield with rice straw returning. Chin. Agr. Sci. Bull. 2017; 33(10): 19–22. (in Chinese)

Hu Z, Wu F, Gu F, Chen Y, Wang B. A no-tillage wheat planter with adjustable amount of straw coverage in the full straw mulching field: China, ZL201410113918.7. 2016-7-20. (in Chinese)

Hu Z, Chen Y, Wu F, Cao M, Liu M. An improved device of straw outlet of the straw-smashing, fertilizing, sowing and straw covering machine: China, ZL201210472637.1. 2014-12-24. (in Chinese)

Hu Z., Xu H, Cao M, Wang S, Yu Z. A device of pneumatic transmission and uniform scattering of particle materials: China, ZL201510566793.8. 2017-3-22. (in Chinese)

Alford S. Cover crop and no-till effects on soil health properties in Indiana. Purdue University, 2015.

McGrath D, Smith C, Gholz H, Oliveira F. Effects of land-use change on soil nutrient dynamics in Amazonia. Eco. 2001;4(7): 625–645.

Taboada M, Micucci F, Cosentino D, Lavado R. Comparison of compaction induced by conventional and zero tillage in two soils of the Rolling Pampa of Argentina. Soil Till. Res., 1998; 49(1): 57–63.

Pierce F, Fortin M-C, Staton M. Periodic plowing effects on soil properties in a no-till farming system. Soil Sci Soc America, 1994; 58(6): 1782–1787.

Sørensen L. Organic matter and microbial biomass in a soil incubated in the field for 20 years with 14C-labelled barley straw. Soil Biol. Biochem, 1987; 19(1): 39–42.

GB/T 24675.6-2009. Conservation tillage equipment – Smashed straw machine.

Zhang X, Gao X, Chen T, Wang A, Wang H. Study on improvement and experiment for the nozzle of 4BQD–40 pneumatic spraying seeding–machine. J. Agr. Mechanization Res. 2013; 3: 188–191. (in Chinese)

NY/T500-2015. Operation quality of smashed straw machine. (in Chinese)

Sun L, Feng J. Research on test method of straw scattering inhomogeneity for smashed straw machine. J. Chin. Agr. Mechanization, 2016; 37(6): 35–38. (in Chinese)

Zhang F, Zhu Z. Harvest index for various crops in China. Sci. Agri. Sin., 1990; 23(3): 83–87. (in Chinese)

Bi Y, Gao C, Wang Y, Li B. Estimation of straw resources in China. Transactions of the CSAE, 2009; 25(12): 211–217. (in Chinese)

Zhong H, Yue Y, Fan J. Characteristics of crop straw resources in China and its utilization. Res. Sci., 2003; 25(4): 62–67.

Wu H. Development and distribution study on the spreading test system for a spinner spreader. Baoding: Agricultural University of Hebei, 2007. (in Chinese)

Dong X, Song J, Zhang J, Kang X, Wang J. Working performance and experiment on granular fertilizer spreader with cone disk. Transactions of CSAE, 2013; 29(19): 33–40. (in Chinese)

Lü J, Shang Q, Yang Y, Li Z, Li J, Liu Z. Performance analysis and experiment on granular fertilizer spreader with cone disc. Transactions of CSAE, 2016; 32(11): 16–24. (in Chinese)

Hu Z. Study on key technologies of half-feed peanut combine harvester. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2013. (in Chinese)

Yuan Z, Yun H. Experiment design and analysis. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2007. (in Chinese)

Chen K. Experiment design and analysis. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2005. (in Chinese)

Ge Y. Experimental design method and application of design-expert software. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology Press, 2014. (in Chinese)

Yan W, Hu Z, Wu N, You Z, Zhou X. Parameter optimization and experiment for plastic film transport mechanism of shovel screen type plastic film residue collector. Transactions of the CSAE, 2017; 33(1): 17–24. (in Chinese)

You Z, Wu H, Chen Y, Hu Z, Tan L, Peng B, et al. Design and experiment on double-sieve-driving apparatus for film-soil separation and transportation. Int. Agr. Eng. J., 2018; 27(2): 378–387.




Copyright (c) 2018 International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering



2023-2026 Copyright IJABE Editing and Publishing Office